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1.
Rev. med. Risaralda ; 25(2): 149-156, jul.-dic. 2019. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-1115757

ABSTRACT

Resumen La interrupción voluntaria del embarazo es una opción legal en algunos países bajo circunstancias especiales. Se quiso explorar las actitudes, los conocimientos y las prácticas de internos de medicina frente a la interrupción voluntaria del embarazo en Medellín-Colombia. Se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo de corte. Se analizaron variables sociodemográficas, actitudes, conocimientos y prácticas frente a la interrupción voluntaria del embarazo. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo de las variables. La información se analizó con el software SPSS® versión 21.0. Se obtuvo consentimiento informado y aprobación del comité de ética universitario. El principal motivo para realizar la interrupción voluntaria del embarazo, fue por riesgo para la salud mental de la madre. Acerca de la objeción de conciencia el 54,7 % la tiene, 21 % objetó conciencia durante el pregrado y el 86,7 % conoce correctamente el proceso a seguir para hacerlo. La totalidad de los encuestados identifica las circunstancias en las cuales el aborto está despenalizado en Colombia, el 96 % conoce el objetivo de la sentencia C355 y el 41 % desconoce que no se establece edad gestacional para practicarla. De los internos que presenciaron IVE el 25,7 % tuvo una repercusión emocional severa con recuerdos frecuentes de lo ocurrido y el 48,7% tristeza con otras emociones.


Abstract Voluntary Interruption of Pregnancy (VIP) is legal under special circumstances in some countries. The objective of this study was to evaluate the skills, knowledge and attitudes about VIP in medical interns from a private university in Colombia. A cross-sectional study with primary data collection was preformed. A descriptive analysis was done for the variables; socio-demographic, skills, knowledge and attitudes about VIP. The SPSS® software, version 21.0, was used for the statistical analysis. A written consent was signed and approved by the research ethics committee. The primary circumstance to practice a VIP was if the mother´s mental health was at risk. 54,7 % of the interns endorsed having a conscientious objection and 21 % applied it during their internship year. 86,7 % of the students answered correctly about how to proceed in a VIP case. All of them identified the special circumstances, in which VIP can be done in Colombia, and 96 % recognized the law, but only 41 % knew details about gestational time limits. 25,7 % of the students report having emotional consequences after witnessing a VIP; 48,7 % presented with depressed mood.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Pregnancy , Adult , Abortion, Therapeutic , Internship and Residency , Mental Health , Cross-Sectional Studies , Colombia , Conscience , Emotions , Abortion , Medical Staff, Hospital
2.
Rev. colomb. psiquiatr ; 46(2): 74-81, Apr.-June 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-960118

ABSTRACT

Abstract Background: In Colombia, one out of five women between the ages of 15 and 19 years have been pregnant. Almost two-thirds (64%) of these pregnancies were unplanned. Objectives: To examine the socio-demographic, psychosocial and clinical risk factors associated with adolescent pregnancy. Methods: An analytical prevalence study was performed using secondary data from the First Demographic Study of Mental Health in Medellin, Colombia. Female adolescents between 13 and 19 years of age were included in the study. The population was evaluated using the Composite International Diagnosis Interview, a structured interview developed by the World Health Organization, which establishes diagnoses according to the DSM-IV and ICD-10 criteria. Results: A sample of 499 female adolescents was obtained, in which 135 adolescent pregnancies were identified, representing a prevalence of 21.5%. The large majority (84.4%) were between 16 and 19 years old. The median age was 17 years, with an interquartile range of 2 years. Almost two-thirds (61.2%) of female adolescents had initiated sexual activity at the age of 15 or later. Almost one-third (31.9%) reported being physically abused during childhood, and 6.7% sexually abused. Of those who were pregnant, 66.7% reported previous sexual abuse. A bivariate analysis showed that sexual abuse (OR = 7.68), childhood negligence (OR = 4.33), and having a partner (OR = 6.31) were factors associated with an adolescent pregnancy. Conclusions: Negligence and sexual abuse in childhood and adolescence can be prevented, and adolescent pregnancies can be decreased. This finding has important implications for clinical management and prognosis, and requires public preventive policies.


Resumen Introducción: En Colombia, 1 de cada 5 mujeres de 15-19 años ha estado embarazada. El 64% de estos embarazos no fueron planeados. Objetivo : Explorar los factores sociodemográficos, psicosociales y clínicos asociados con el embarazo adolescente. Métodos: Estudio de prevalencia analítica, de fuente secundaria (Primer Estudio Poblacional de Salud Mental Medellín). La muestra fue evaluada usando el Compositum International Diagnosis Interview, instrumento desarrollado por la Organización Mundial de la Salud para realizar diagnósticos con base en criterios diagnósticos del DSM-IV y el CIE-10. Resultados Se obtuvo una muestra de 499 adolescentes. Se identificaron 135 embarazos adolescentes, lo que lleva a una prevalencia de embarazo adolescente del 21,5%. El 84,4% de las adolescentes embarazadas tenían entre 16 y 19 años, y la edad mediana era 17 [intervalo intercuartílico, 2] anos. El 61,2% de ellas iniciaron la vida sexual a los 15 años. Del total de adolescentes, el 31,9% afirmaba haber sufrido maltrato físico y el 6,7%, haber sido violadas en la niñez. Del subgrupo de embarazadas, el 66,7% reportó haber sufrido violación. En el modelo bivariable, las variables que mostraron asociación con el embarazo adolescente fueron ser víctima de violación (odds ratio [OR] = 7,68), negligencia en la niñez (OR = 4,33) y tener pareja (OR = 6,31). Conclusiones: La negligencia y el abuso sexual en la infancia pueden evitarse buscando impactar positivamente el embarazo adolescente.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Adolescent , Pregnancy in Adolescence , Sex Offenses , Risk Factors , Sexual Behavior , International Classification of Diseases , Mental Health , Prevalence , Cross-Sectional Studies , Colombia , Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders , Pregnant Women
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